Table 3 Comparing innovation systems in developed and developing countries
From: Innovation systems research: an agenda for developing countries
Dimension | Developed context | Developing Context |
|---|---|---|
Learning and interactions among economic agents | Active, strong, dense | Passive, weak and fragmented |
S&T capabilities | Boundless, Ease in technology absorption, High levels of scientific training | Limited, Difficulty in technology absorption, Low levels of scientific training |
Main knowledge sources | Localized | Foreign |
Nature of innovative output | Formal and active, Leaders, Radical and Creative, High investments | Mostly informal and passive, Followers, Incremental and Imitative, Low investments |
Industrial and innovation policy | Strong intellectual property laws | Weak intellectual property laws |
Economic and business environment | Structured markets, high purchasing power giving rise to strong domestic demand for new high-tech products | Large but unstructured markets, low purchasing power giving rise to weak domestic demand for technological innovation |