From: Innovation decision of Tunisian service firms: an empirical analysis
Variables | Probit model | Multinomial Probit model | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New-to-market only | New-to-firm only | Both | ||||||
dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | |
Internal knowledge sourcing | ||||||||
 Engaging in innovation activities (ENGAG) | −0.193 | 0.120 | −0.062 | 0.041 | −0.029 | 0.023 | 0.091 | 0.048* |
External knowledge sourcing | ||||||||
 Cooperation (COOPER) | 0.191 | 0.087** | −0.039 | 0.044 | 0.025 | 0.029 | 0.014 | 0.057 |
 International orientation (INTER) | 0.040 | 0.020** | −0.010 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.011 | 0.010 | 0.023 |
Absorptive capacity | ||||||||
 Education level (QUAL) | 0.060 | 0.125 | −0.041 | 0.085 | 0.164 | 0.087*** | −0.122 | 0.124 |
 Group membership (APP GROUP) | 0.057 | 0.046 | −0.022 | 0.036 | 0.037 | 0.035 | −0.014 | 0.056 |
Ressources | ||||||||
 Size (SIZE) | −0.007 | 0.048 | 0.063 | 0.044 | 0.057 | 0.036 | −0.121 | 0.056** |
 Size-squared | −0.003 | 0.006 | −0.005 | 0.004 | −0.005 | 0.004 | 0.010 | 0.006* |
 Firm vintage (AGE) | 0.009 | 0.005 | −0.004 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 |
The aims of the innovation | ||||||||
 Replace obsolete services (SERV_OBS) | −0.023 | 0.020 | −0.002 | 0.013 | −0.006 | 0.010 | 0.009 | 0.017 |
 Improve service quality (QUAL_SERV) | 0.043 | 0.045 | 0.119 | 0.056** | −0.021 | 0.021 | −0.097 | 0.059* |
 Extend the line of services (GAM_SERV) | 0.020 | 0.022 | 0.038 | 0.024 | 0.021 | 0.014 | −0.059 | 0.029** |
 Sustain the market share (PART_MAR) | 0.037 | 0.037 | −0.125 | 0.056** | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.110 | 0.060* |
 Reduce production cost (RED_COUT) | 0.037 | 0.019* | −0.019 | 0.019 | −0.025 | 0.010** | 0.044 | 0.023* |
Log-likelihood | −1526.3879 | −4360.0491 | ||||||
Likelihood Ratio statistic (LR) | 20814.832 | 6830.8306 | ||||||
Prob > LR | [0.000] | [0.000] | ||||||
AIC | 4627.886 | 8776.098 | ||||||
BIC | 4664.217 | 8842.443 | ||||||
R squared | 0.80 | 0.44 | ||||||
Number of observation | 99 | 79 |