From: Innovation decision of Tunisian service firms: an empirical analysis
Variables | Multinomial Probit model | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No-innovation | New-to-market only | New-to-firm only | Both | |||||
dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | dy/dx | SE | |
Internal knowledge sourcing | ||||||||
 Engaging in innovation activities (ENGAG) | 0.104 | 0.110 | −0.058 | 0.041 | −0.026 | 0.023 | −0.019 | 0.123 |
External knowledge sourcing | ||||||||
 Cooperation (COOPER) | −0.251 | 0.088*** | −0.041 | 0.036 | 0.029 | 0.029 | 0.262 | 0.101*** |
 International orientation (INTER) | −0.034 | 0 .027 | −0.011 | 0.018 | −0.001 | 0.011 | 0.047 | 0.036 |
Absorptive capacity | ||||||||
 Education level (QUAL) | 0.098 | 0.114 | −0.048 | 0.086** | 0.178 | 0.079** | −0.228 | 0.175 |
 Group membership (APP_GROUP) | 0.048 | 0.094 | −0.019 | 0.038 | 0.031 | 0.037 | −0.060 | 0.119 |
Resources | ||||||||
 Size (SIZE) | 0.085 | 0.067 | 0.055 | 0.043 | 0.044 | 0.032 | −0.185 | 0.084** |
 Size-squared | −0.004 | 0.008 | −0.004 | 0.004 | −0.004 | 0.004 | 0.012 | 0.010 |
 Firm vintage (AGE) | −0.009 | 0.005* | −0.005 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.006* |
The aims of the innovation | ||||||||
 Replace obsolete services (SERV_OBS) | 0.042 | 0.026 | −0.004 | 0.015 | −0.007 | 0.010 | −0.031 | 0.032 |
 Improve service quality (QUAL_SERV) | −0.035 | 0.039 | 0.132 | 0.062 | −0.025 | 0.021 | −0.072 | 0.076 |
 Extend the line of services (GAM_SERV) | −0.022 | 0.028 | 0.042 | 0.027 | 0.021 | 0.013 | −0.041 | 0.042 |
 Sustain the market share (PART_MAR) | −0.052 | 0.040 | −0.138 | 0.061** | 0.021 | 0.018 | 0.169 | 0.081** |
 Reduce production cost (RED_COUT) | −0.027 | 0.020 | −0.018 | 0.019 | −0.025 | 0.011** | 0.071 | 0.035** |
Log-likelihood | −6964.8497 |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
Likelihood Ratio statistic (LR) | 10119.297 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Prob > LR | [0.000] |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
AIC | 14013.7 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
BIC | 14122.69 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
R squared | 0.42 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Number of observation | 99 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |